The earliest civilizations in history were established in the region now known as the Middle East around 3500 BC by the Sumerians, in Mesopotamia (Iraq), widely known as the cradle of civilization. The Sumerians and the Akkadians (later known as Babylonians and Assyrians) all flourished in this region. Soon after the Sumerian civilization began, the Nile River valley of ancient Egypt was unified under the Pharaohs in the 4th millennium BC, and civilization quickly spread through the Fertile Crescent to the west coast of the Mediterranean Sea and throughout the eastern part of the Mediterranean.
Government
The government in the Middle East was ran by a king which ruled over an Empire. Alexander the Great was the king of Macedonia, and ruled over that empire. The type of governemtn is a Monarchy.
Current Issue
Egypt started to conquer countries in the Middle East. They conquered Syrica and Canaan (1600–1360 BCE)
Culture
In the first civilizations, the people built huts, raised cattle and farmed their food.
Economy
In ancient Middle East, they did textiles, wool work and fished among the Mediterranean Sea. They traded with Egypt, Syria, and various other surrounding countries.
Technology
The Ancient Arabs invented many things. They invented the wheel, the first written language, and irrigation.